Unique Properties Of The Laboratory Pump |
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| By Andrew Long |
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| How many times have laboratory personnel run their
instruments and reflected on how the fluids are moved
through the machine system? Probably not many, as the thing
taken for granted is the laboratory scientific precision
pump. Laboratory pumping systems have been in use for many
decades, and will continue to be in use as long as fluids
are to be moved along tubing systems. Piston pumps used to be the most commonly used pumping techniques, and are still in use today. These can come in a variety of sizes and bore, and usually use either stainless steel rods embedded in polyurethane bores, or nylon/Teflon cup/syringe type pumps. These scientific pumps use actuator motors or air pressure to do their mechanical pumping. They can be calibrated and are useful to deliver precise amount of fluid that is needed. The piston can sometimes become damaged or worn, so it is necessary to replace and/or inspect the pumps as their workload demands. Peristaltic scientific pumps have been used since the dialysis machine was invented. Needing a non-harmful method to move a patient´s blood through the machine, the peristaltic pump was invented. It is simple yet so very useful in its design. Rollers are attached to a spinning wheel, which is installed by a table where the tubing rests. The pump is usually spring-loaded, to keep constant pressure on the tubing without damaging it. As the wheel spins, the rollers are in constant motion along the tubing, pinching it at contact, rolling linearly along the specific length, and then releasing until the next roller touch the tubing. This moves a small amount of fluid along the tubing per roller rotation. As the wheel spins at a constant rate, the fluid also is moved constantly along. Peristaltic pumping designs are used in many scientific and medical instruments the world over. They can be extremely accurate on fluid delivery, and are used in nearly all dialysis machines due to their ability not to damage the delicate blood being filtered. These useful and relatively cheap pumping designs are used for the constant delivery of reagents and purified water to scientific laboratory systems, and can be easily replaced when damaged. Impeller-style pumping methods are satisfactory for large flow of fluids. When purified water needs delivery throughout a system at a constant rate and pressure, impeller pumps are used. These scientific pumping methods are also useful for mixing of reagents prior to delivery, as the vortex action they create is perfect for mixing fluids. Impellers can be designed in exacting standards and sizes, and can be attached to synchronous electric motors for exacting delivery of fluids. Air pressure and membrane pumps are used for the delivery of many fluidic systems. These simply designed pumps use air pressure and a membrane on one side, usually circular, and the fluid to be pumped on the other. As the air pressure fluxes the membrane, the fluid on the other side is pumped at a reasonable rate and pressure. This is good for keeping the fluidics of a system constant. |
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